University Laboratory decoration design: experience of optical laboratory engineering construction

University Laboratory decoration design: experience of optical laboratory engineering construction



Optoelectronic devices, optoelectronic detection or optical sensing need to be studied and tested in the optical laboratory. In Colleges and universities, such laboratories are also widely used, such as many optical research directions represented by optoelectronic technology and applications, space optical technology, advanced optical design and new imaging technology, modern optical testing theory and technology, micro nano optics and photonics devices and applications, and optical ultra precision manufacturing technology. Related and derived optical research laboratories have also emerged as the times require: Optical laboratory, physical optical laboratory and optical measurement laboratory optical information technology laboratory, advanced optical manufacturing technology laboratory, micro nano optical processing laboratory and optical thin film technology laboratory.



In the early stage of optical laboratory construction, if the construction requirements are incomplete or inaccurate, the completed laboratory will not meet the use requirements and can only be passively reconstructed. Therefore, in addition to the preliminary design, the optical laboratory needs to investigate and clarify the construction needs, and has a clear grasp of the technical needs.



The cleanliness control is not up to standard: dust will adhere to optical components such as crystals, gratings, lenses, etc., changing the light field distribution and easily forming diffraction. If the intensity of light is relatively high, an optical strong region will be formed, which is easy to damage optical components. In addition, if the cleanliness in the air is not up to standard, the beam quality will be affected and the experimental quality will be affected.



Unqualified temperature control: thermal expansion and cold contraction will occur. First, the platform, optical adjustment frame and optical elements will be deformed, affecting the optical path stability and beam quality; Second, it will change the density of the air through which light passes, which will affect the propagation of light.



Unqualified humidity control: humidity fluctuation will occur, which will affect the stability of the film on the surface of the lens, and then affect the optical path. High humidity will cause water condensation on the lens surface, so the lens is easy to be damaged by strong laser. In addition, under high humidity environment, some optical crystals and film layers are also prone to deliquescence. The absorption of water vapor to infrared light is also relatively strong. Too high humidity (> 70%) can also easily cause electrical failure and damage to experimental instruments and equipment.



It is suggested that the optical laboratory should design the environmental control indexes according to the following parameter ranges according to the different types of research:



1. Judge the cleanliness level of the controlled environment of the laboratory, which shall be 10000, 1000, 100 or higher.



2. Temperature control range: 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃, temperature fluctuation: ± 0.5 ℃, ± 0.2 ℃, ± 0.1 ℃ or higher.



3. Humidity control range: below 30% RH, 30% ~ 45% RH, 45% ~ 55% RH, 55% ~ 65% RH, humidity fluctuation: ± 5% RH, ± 2% RH or higher.




During the decoration construction, the construction team enters the site to carry out environmental protection and civilized construction. The flow operation is organized according to the division of labor by layers. The ceiling works, wall works, ground works and closing works are the leading processes, and the decoration processes of other internal supporting systems are interspersed to improve the project efficiency. More experience has been accumulated in the construction process. Some important factors in the photoelectric decoration design project are summarized as follows:





1. Ground:



1) Anti static: anti-static, static dissipation, static conduction. Generally speaking, anti-static can meet the use requirements. The instrument with high requirements for static electricity needs to achieve static electricity dissipation or conduction.



2) Independent grounding resistance: some precision instruments may require independent grounding resistance, which is generally less than 4 Ω, less than 1 Ω or higher according to the requirements of the instrument.



3) Micro vibration: for general small and medium-sized instruments and equipment, the optical platform can meet the requirements of isolating ground vibration. If it is a large-scale device, an independent vibration isolation foundation is required.



4) Wind speed: ground vibration can be treated by ground vibration isolation, but the vibration source in the ultra clean laboratory is often not only brought by the ground, but also by the air flow in the laboratory. Therefore, when building the super clean room, we also need to put forward requirements for the wind speed of the working face. Generally speaking, the wind speed of the working face is less than 0.25 m / s. Laboratories with high requirements can put forward requirements for lower working face wind speed.



2. Air circuit system:



According to the experimental requirements, some experiments will use the gas path system, and according to the actual use, there will be compressed air or special gas. High purity gas pollution mainly occurs in the process of storage, transportation and metering. In the process of use, the tightness of gas cylinders and transmission systems shall be regularly checked. In case of gas leakage, measures shall be taken in time. Special gas storage rooms shall be set up in laboratories where conditions permit, to separate oxidizing gas from reducing gas and combustible gas from non combustible gas, so as to prevent accidents.



3. Water system:



1) Process cooling water: if there is equipment that needs heat dissipation, process cooling water needs to be configured. Generally, the temperature of process cooling water is required to be 18 ± 1 ℃.



2) Pure water: if pure water is required, specific pure water indicators (conductivity, flow, etc.) shall be proposed according to the demand.



4. Electrical system:



There should be reasonable planning for electricity, lighting and experimental equipment, especially for instrument equipment. Insufficient power will affect the service life of the instrument and bring some stable factors to the experiment. It shall also control and reduce the fluctuation of current, reduce or stabilize the change value of harmonic, reduce or reduce the interference of magnetic field, etc. Determine whether to configure UPS according to the requirements of the experiment.



5. HVAC system:



When selecting units, priority shall be given to units with annual cooling capacity. The circulating air supply of purified air conditioner is adopted. The ceiling is of double-layer structure, with the middle as the static pressure interlayer. The full orifice plate air supply of the lower ceiling can greatly reduce the air supply speed, make the air supply flow more uniform and stable. The optical platform can be installed at will without being affected by the air flow.